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Yet, despite having more synonyms, nuances and unique terms than other languages, it still happens occasionally that words exist in some other languages that do not have an exact translation in English, or at least not contained in a single word. English is so rich that well-educated people typically know less than 10% of all words in the language. With its easy-to-use interface, conversion capabilities and e-signature feature, among others, the software allows for an Latin-based English words missing in Romance languagesEnglish has the largest vocabulary of any language in the world (7 times more words than French, for example). Nuance PDF Converter Professional 8 is now available to download and buy.English & Italian words missing in FrenchNuance Power PDF is a robust PDF solution that streamlines conversion, editing, sharing and annotation of documents from and to any application.
chez : at somebody's house/home (or shop, restaurant, etc.), on in somebody's country, city or home turf. Single French words with compound English translationsWords with no specific English translation keeping the same nuance or connotation French words with many approximate translations but no all-encompassing term in English Several French words with a single English translation (lost nuances) Words with no English translation keeping the exact same meaning Since there are many varieties of English and countless regional and ethnic varieties, only standard (international) English was taken into account here, although translations sometimes exist in some variants of English or in slang.
tartine : "slice of bread" (no single word for that in English). gibier : "game", but only in the sense of "(meat of) wild animal killed by hunters". This word exists in German ("fressen") and in Japanese (食う "kuu").
cassonade : a kind of brown sugar that comes in light brown ("blond") and dark brown ("brown") version. panade : baby meal composed of and fruits (typically a crushed banana, a grated apple and a squeezed orange) and crushed biscuit or "Cérélac" (of Nestlé). tartinière/planche à tartiner : board to spread butter/jam on one's slice of bread.
caricature : in the meaning of "satirical cartoon". souriant : smiling/smiley, but not used in English in a sentence like "the staff should be more smiling" (le personnel devrait être plus souriant). Eating too much cake or chocolate can be écoeurant. It is more common for food that is too sweet or too rich (e.g. écoeurant : the nearest translation is nauseating, but it is not necessarily used for food that makes one want to vomit. For custard, chocolate mousse or olives)
levé, debout : to be "up", but only with the meaning of "out of bed". journal televisé : TV news, not in the sense of the 'news reported', but only the 'programme in itself presented by a newscaster'. téléspectateur : TV audience, TV viewers/listeners. The componants aren't important as long as there is an amplifier, loudspeakers, with something else and it is a set. A set, which typically includes an amplifier, a radio, CD, MD, and formerly also tapes and disk player. chaîne (hi-fi/stereo) : a hi-fi system, but not necessarily "hi-fi".
dejanter : verb meaning that the tyre is getting out of the rim of the wheel (used mostly in car racing). No unique term for that in English. superficie : translates as "acreage" (but not just in acres), "(land) area" (of a building, room or field). French has two ( debout can also mean "standing" or "on one's feet").
In French, a ballon is a "balloon" or a "ball" with air inside. bille, boule, boulet, balle, ballon, bal : there are only two words for this in English, "ball" and "balloon". However crépu means extremely frizzy like Black Africans for which there is no word in English. bouclé, frisé, crépu : all translate as "frizzy" or "curly" in English.
A boulet is a "cannon ball" or the ball in "ball and chain". A bille is like a boule, but smaller, like marbles, mercury balls, or balls used in ball-bearing mechanisms. A boule is not hollow, like a billiard/snooker ball, or even a snowball, hairball, fireball, etc.
gel, gelée, givre : all mean "frost". Baseball cap), a calotte is an "ice cap". A capsule is a beer bottle cap, a capuchon is a plastic bottle/recipient cap, a bouchon is the general word for a recipient cap, a casquette is a cap to wear (e.g. capsule, capuchon, bouchon, casquette, calotte : there is only the word "cap" in English for all these.
Glacière is also an ice-cream maker, but the machine rather than the person. A glacier is either a glacier (in geology) or an ice-cream maker (the person or company). Verglas is ice on roads after a wet night in freezing temperature. A glaçon is an ice cube (e.g. Glace is the most general term. glace, glaçon, glaciaire, glacière, glacé, glacier, glacial, verglas : all translate as ice, either as noun or adjective.
fenêtre, carreau, vitre, vitrine, vitrail : there are only two words in English for this, "window" and "pane". Glacé means frozen or ice as in ice-cream ( crème glacée). Glacial can be used like the English word glacial, or to mean icily or freezing cold.
The difference is that a mur is made of masonry (brick, stone or concrete blocks), while a cloison is hollow and just made of panels and plaster. mur, muraille, cloison, paroi : all translate as "wall". A vitrine is a large window pane, usually in shops to display the products. A vitre is a pane, usually when there is only one for the whole window. A carreau is just one pane, especially when the window is divided in many panes like in a "stained glass window" ( vitrail, in French).
An encardement is a picture frame, a cadre is a picture or bed frame, a châssis is a window frame, an armature is wooden or metalic frame serving as support to build something, and a charpente is a roof frame. encadrement, cadre, châssis, armature, charpente : all translate as "frame". A table is the piece of furniture (to eat), while a tableau is a framed painting or a graphic table (with colums and rows). table, tableau : both are "tables" in English. A muraille is a defensive, fortified wall, normally made of masonry, like medieval city walls or even the Great Wall of China.
A cup to drink is a tasse in French (the English word "mug" has also become common recently for mugs, which used to be called "tasse" as well). Coupe du Monde => World Cup). coupe, tasse : Coupe means "cup" but only in the meaning of trophy (e.g. The first two mean "dishcloth" ( torchon can also mean floorcloth), the third is a rag (old cloth) or cloth for cleaning (housecloth), the fourth is a floorcloth, and the last are clothes to wear. lavette, torchon, chiffon, serpillière, vêtement(s) : all translate as "cloth" in English. Tuile means "roofing tile", while carrelage refers to "flooring tiles".
bricoler : verb meaning to "fiddle", "putter" or "tinker", used for do-it-yourself home repair, amateur carpentery, plumbing, electricity, mounting furniture bought in detached pieces, etc. Doux can also mean sweet, but almost only for wines (otherwise sucré is used). Doux is the opposite of "rough" or "coarse" ( rugueux), while mou is the opposite of "hard". doux, mou : both translate as "soft" in English, although their meaning is very different. However, there is no noun for gourmandise ("greed" is avidité in French).
The first one is typically rechargeable (e.g. batterie, pile (バッテリ vs 電池 in Japanese) : both translate as "battery" in English.
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